The settlement began in 1854 or 1856, when William B. Elliott opened a blacksmith’s shop. About ten years later, in 1866, a man named Bukofsky built a store, followed by another blacksmith shop built by Caspar Sweikert. A hotel was started by Henry Taylor. A grist mill was built in 1858 until it closed in 1867. A second grist mill was built in 1875. The community grew as cattle stock, alfalfa and bean canneries became the main economic draws.
Upper Lake was a hub to most activities in the Northern part of Lake County. In 1860 when Upper Lake was known as Upper Clear Lake there existed a 20-mile toll road between the town and Lower Lake which routed through Lakeport. In 1865 the “Blue Lakes Wagon Road Co.” completed a toll road which connected Upper Lake to Ukiah, CA. In 1872 the Upper Lake & Clover Valley Toll Road Co.” built a improved route that connected Bartlett Springs. Bartlett Springs sat in the high mountains East of Upper Lake and had a toll road running East into the Sacramento valley. These toll roads became the major route to move people in and out of Lake county. Folks from around the world could take a train to Hopland, CA, then take a stagecoach to Lakeport. From Lakeport they would take a steamboat across Clear Lake to Bartlett Landing. The Wharf was located along the shoreline just East of Upper Lake. From there they would take a stagecoach via Upper Lake up to Bartlett Springs Resort. Travelers could also take a train from the San Francisco Bay area into the Sacramento Valley and then take a stage into Lake County via Bartlett Springs and Upper Lake. By the early 1890’s all major routes into & out of Lake county were toll roads.
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